Grammar · A1 · Präsens
Präsens: sein & haben
Most German sentences need sein or haben. Start with ich bin / du bist / er ist and ich habe / du hast / er hat.
Bridges
EN to be & to have
PT ser/estar & ter
ES ser/estar & tener
FR être & avoir
Forms: sein
I am
PT eu sou/estou · ES yo soy/estoy · FR je suis
you are
PT tu és/estás · ES tú eres/estás · FR tu es
//
he/she/it is
PT ele/ela é/está · ES él/ella es/está · FR il/elle est
we are
PT nós somos/estamos · ES nosotros somos/estamos · FR nous sommes
you (pl) are
PT vocês são/estão · ES vosotros sois/estáis · FR vous êtes
/
they / you (formal) are
PT eles / o senhor · ES ellos / usted · FR ils / vous
Forms: haben
I have
PT eu tenho · ES yo tengo · FR j'ai
you have
PT tu tens · ES tú tienes · FR tu as
//
he/she/it has
PT ele/ela tem · ES él/ella tiene · FR il/elle a
we have
PT nós temos · ES nosotros tenemos · FR nous avons
you (pl) have
PT vocês têm · ES vosotros tenéis · FR vous avez
/
they / you (formal) have
PT eles / o senhor · ES ellos / usted · FR ils / vous
Forms: Street frames
…
I am …
identity / location / state
…?
Do you have …? (formal)
shops, Amt, doctors
…?
Do you have …? (informal)
/ / .
We have time / hunger / luck.
Examples
.
I'm new in Berlin.
?
Do you have a ticket?
.
We have time.
?
Are you the doctor? (formal)
.
I have an appointment at ten.
?
Where are you?
8 .
The U8 is late.
Common mistakes
- Using bin with du (→ bist) or er (→ ist).
- Saying *ich habst* — haben is habe / hast / hat.
- Forgetting Sie is formal and takes sind / haben like they.
- Mixing English *I am hungry* → Ich habe Hunger (not *bin hungrig* as the default).
When you use it in Berlin
Ticket machines, Anmeldung counters, and small talk: Ich bin hier neu. Haben Sie einen Termin?
Quick check
1/3
Fill in sein:
___ .