Grammar · A2 · Perfekt
Perfekt with haben
Spoken past for most verbs: haben in slot 2 + Partizip at the end. Ich habe gekauft / gesagt / gemacht.
Bridges
EN present perfect (have + participle)
PT pretérito perfeito composto
ES pretérito perfecto
FR passé composé (avoir)
Forms: Structure
…
I (have) done
PT eu fiz / tenho feito · ES he hecho · FR j'ai fait
…
you said
PT tu disseste · ES has dicho · FR tu as dit
/ …
he/she bought
PT ele/ela comprou · ES ha comprado · FR a acheté
…
we learned
PT nós aprendemos · ES hemos aprendido · FR avons appris
…
you paid (formal)
PT o senhor pagou · ES usted ha pagado · FR vous avez payé
Forms: High-frequency participles
/ /
done / said / asked
/ /
bought / drunk / eaten
/ /
waited / worked / opened
/ /
paid / ordered / needed
haben in slot 2; rest before participle
Examples
.
Yesterday I drank a coffee.
.
I bought a ticket.
.
We learned German.
?
Have you already paid?
.
I waited a long time.
.
We ordered pizza.
.
She filled out the form.
Common mistakes
- Putting the participle in the middle (*Ich habe gekauft ein Ticket*).
- Using *gemachen* instead of gemacht.
- Defaulting to sein for every verb — most take haben.
- Forgetting ge- on weak verbs (*Ich habe kauft*).
When you use it in Berlin
Telling what you did today: Ich habe geöffnet / bezahlt / gewartet. Spoken past is almost always Perfekt.
Quick check
1/3
Perfekt:
___ .