Grammar · A2 · Perfekt
Perfekt with sein
Motion and change-of-state use sein: gehen, kommen, fahren, umsteigen. Ich bin gegangen / gefahren.
Bridges
EN perfect with be (motion/change)
PT pretérito com ser/estar (movimento)
ES perfecto con ser (movimiento)
FR passé composé (être)
Forms: Typical sein verbs
→
went
PT fui · ES fui · FR suis allé(e)
→
rode / drove
PT fui (veículo) · ES fui · FR suis allé(e)
→
came
PT vim · ES vine · FR suis venu(e)
→
changed trains
PT fiz baldeação · ES transbordé · FR ai changé
→
got up
PT levantei-me · ES me levanté · FR me suis levé(e)
Forms: Rule of thumb + more
/ →
go, come, drive, fall, wake…
→
stayed
→
became
→
happened
/ /
got off / boarded / arrived
Examples
8 .
I took the U8.
.
I went home.
.
We changed trains.
?
Have you arrived already?
.
I arrived too late.
.
She got off in Kreuzberg.
.
We stayed here yesterday.
Common mistakes
- Ich *habe* gegangen → bin gegangen.
- Treating bleiben / werden / passieren the same as haben verbs.
- Forgetting motion + change-of-state rule of thumb.
- Splitting separable participles wrong (*bin gestiegen um*).
When you use it in Berlin
Getting around: Ich bin mit der S-Bahn gefahren. Wo bist du ausgestiegen? Ich bin zu spät gekommen.
Quick check
1/3
Auxiliary:
___ .